GHK-Cu is the copper(II) complex of the tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine (GHK), a sequence first identified in human plasma. In solution, Cu(II) is coordinated by the N-terminal amine, the deprotonated Gly–His amide nitrogen and the histidine imidazole nitrogen, as characterized by X-ray crystallography and EPR and NMR spectroscopy; the material is described as a 1:1 copper–peptide complex.

GHK binds Cu(II) with high affinity and has been proposed to act as a copper carrier that facilitates cellular copper uptake. In cultured fibroblasts, the GHK-Cu complex has been reported to stimulate collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycan synthesis and to increase matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression, and it is often discussed among extracellular-matrix-derived signaling peptides (matrikines).

GHK-Cu is cited in copper coordination chemistry and redox studies, fibroblast and keratinocyte culture models, extracellular-matrix biology, and gene-expression research. It is also studied as a cosmetic peptide ingredient (INCI: Copper Tripeptide-1) in formulation science, where complex stability, copper exchange and ingredient compatibility are examined. The complex is a blue, water-soluble solid.

Research use only. This material is sold for in-vitro laboratory research and development purposes exclusively. It is not a drug, food, or dietary supplement, has not been evaluated by the FDA, and must not be used in humans or animals.