Research library

Cosmetic & Skin Research · CAS 682809-81-0

1. Gonzalez P, et al. Cu(II) Binding to the Peptide Ala-His-His, a Chimera of the Canonical Cu(II)-Binding Motifs Xxx-His and Xxx-Zzz-His. Inorg Chem. 2017.
2. Hureau C, et al. X-ray and solution structures of Cu(II) GHK and Cu(II) DAHK complexes: influence on their redox properties. Chemistry. 2011.
3. Trapaidze A, et al. Thermodynamic study of Cu2+ binding to the DAHK and GHK peptides by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) with the weaker competitor glycine. J Biol Inorg Chem. 2012.

Cosmetic & Skin Research · CAS 89030-95-5

1. Schlesinger DH, et al. Growth-modulating serum tripeptide is glycyl-histidyl-lysine. Experientia. 1977.
2. Lau SJ, et al. The interaction of copper(II) and glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine, a growth-modulating tripeptide from plasma. Biochem J. 1981.
3. Hureau C, et al. X-ray and solution structures of Cu(II) GHK and Cu(II) DAHK complexes: influence on their redox properties. Chemistry. 2011.
4. Maquart FX, et al. Stimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+. FEBS Lett. 1988.
5. Siméon A, et al. The tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression by fibroblast cultures. Life Sci. 2000.

Cosmetic & Skin Research · CAS 868844-74-0

1. Blanes-Mira C, et al. Small peptides patterned after the N-terminus domain of SNAP25 inhibit SNARE complex assembly and regulated exocytosis. J Neurochem. 2004.
2. Blanes-Mira C, et al. Identification of SNARE complex modulators that inhibit exocytosis from an alpha-helix-constrained combinatorial library. Biochem J. 2003.
3. Sutton RB, et al. Crystal structure of a SNARE complex involved in synaptic exocytosis at 2.4 A resolution. Nature. 1998.
4. Errante F, et al. Cosmeceutical Peptides in the Framework of Sustainable Wellness Economy. Front Chem. 2020.

Immune Research · CAS 67727-97-3

1. Mandrika I, et al. Effects of melanocortin peptides on lipopolysaccharide/interferon-gamma-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and nitric oxide production in macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells: evidence for dual mechanisms of action. Biochem Pharmacol. 2001.
2. Getting SJ, et al. Dissection of the anti-inflammatory effect of the core and C-terminal (KPV) alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptides. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003.
3. Land SC. Inhibition of cellular and systemic inflammation cues in human bronchial epithelial cells by melanocortin-related peptides: mechanism of KPV action and a role for MC3R agonists. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2012.

Immune Research · CAS 154947-66-7

1. Agerberth B, et al. FALL-39, a putative human peptide antibiotic, is cysteine-free and expressed in bone marrow and testis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995.
2. Gudmundsson GH, et al. The human gene FALL39 and processing of the cathelin precursor to the antibacterial peptide LL-37 in granulocytes. Eur J Biochem. 1996.
3. Sørensen OE, et al. Human cathelicidin, hCAP-18, is processed to the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 by extracellular cleavage with proteinase 3. Blood. 2001.
4. Wang G. Structures of human host defense cathelicidin LL-37 and its smallest antimicrobial peptide KR-12 in lipid micelles. J Biol Chem. 2008.
5. De Yang, et al. LL-37, the neutrophil granule- and epithelial cell-derived cathelicidin, utilizes formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) as a receptor to chemoattract human peripheral blood neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells. J Exp Med. 2000.

Immune Research · CAS 62304-98-7

1. Goldstein AL, et al. Thymosin alpha1: isolation and sequence analysis of an immunologically active thymic polypeptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977.
2. Low TL, et al. The chemistry and biology of thymosin. I. Isolation, characterization, and biological activities of thymosin alpha1 and polypeptide beta1 from calf thymus. J Biol Chem. 1979.
3. Nepravishta R, et al. Thymosin α1 inserts N terminus into model membranes assuming a helical conformation. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2015.
4. Mandaliti W, et al. Thymosin α1 Interacts with Exposed Phosphatidylserine in Membrane Models and in Cells and Uses Serum Albumin as a Carrier. Biochemistry. 2016.
5. Mandaliti W, et al. Thymosin α1 Interacts with Hyaluronic Acid Electrostatically by Its Terminal Sequence LKEKK. Molecules. 2017.

Longevity & Mitochondrial Research · CAS 307297-39-8

1. Khavinson VKh, et al. Epithalon peptide induces telomerase activity and telomere elongation in human somatic cells. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003.
2. Fedoreyeva LI, et al. Penetration of short fluorescence-labeled peptides into the nucleus in HeLa cells and in vitro specific interaction of the peptides with deoxyribooligonucleotides and DNA. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2011.
3. Khavinson V, et al. AEDG Peptide (Epitalon) Stimulates Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis during Neurogenesis: Possible Epigenetic Mechanism. Molecules. 2020.
4. Araj SK, et al. Overview of Epitalon-Highly Bioactive Pineal Tetrapeptide with Promising Properties. Int J Mol Sci. 2025.

Longevity & Mitochondrial Research · CAS 70-18-8

1. Meister A, et al. Glutathione. Annu Rev Biochem. 1983.
2. Lu SC, et al. Glutathione synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013.
3. Forman HJ, et al. Glutathione: overview of its protective roles, measurement, and biosynthesis. Mol Aspects Med. 2009.
4. Dickinson DA, et al. Cellular glutathione and thiols metabolism. Biochem Pharmacol. 2002.
5. Aquilano K, et al. Glutathione: new roles in redox signaling for an old antioxidant. Front Pharmacol. 2014.

Longevity & Mitochondrial Research · CAS 1627580-64-6

1. Kim KH, et al. The Mitochondrial-Encoded Peptide MOTS-c Translocates to the Nucleus to Regulate Nuclear Gene Expression in Response to Metabolic Stress. Cell Metab. 2018.
2. Benayoun BA, et al. MOTS-c: A Mitochondrial-Encoded Regulator of the Nucleus. Bioessays. 2019.
3. Merry TL, et al. Mitochondrial-derived peptides in energy metabolism. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2020.
4. Kim SJ, et al. Mitochondrial peptides modulate mitochondrial function during cellular senescence. Aging (Albany NY). 2018.

Longevity & Mitochondrial Research · CAS 53-84-9

1. Houtkooper RH, et al. The secret life of NAD+: an old metabolite controlling new metabolic signaling pathways. Endocr Rev. 2010.
2. Cantó C, et al. NAD(+) Metabolism and the Control of Energy Homeostasis: A Balancing Act between Mitochondria and the Nucleus. Cell Metab. 2015.
3. Chini CCS, et al. Evolving concepts in NAD(+) metabolism. Cell Metab. 2021.
4. Gupte R, et al. PARPs and ADP-ribosylation: recent advances linking molecular functions to biological outcomes. Genes Dev. 2017.
5. Ying W, et al. NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH in cellular functions and cell death: regulation and biological consequences. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2008.

Longevity & Mitochondrial Research · CAS 736992-21-5

1. Zhao K, et al. Cell-permeable peptide antioxidants targeted to inner mitochondrial membrane inhibit mitochondrial swelling, oxidative cell death, and reperfusion injury. J Biol Chem. 2004.
2. Birk AV, et al. Targeting mitochondrial cardiolipin and the cytochrome c/cardiolipin complex to promote electron transport and optimize mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Br J Pharmacol. 2014.
3. Mitchell W, et al. The mitochondria-targeted peptide SS-31 binds lipid bilayers and modulates surface electrostatics as a key component of its mechanism of action. J Biol Chem. 2020.
4. Chavez JD, et al. Mitochondrial protein interaction landscape of SS-31. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020.

Metabolic Research · CAS 42464-96-0

1. Neelakantan H, et al. Structure-Activity Relationship for Small Molecule Inhibitors of Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase. J Med Chem. 2017.
2. Neelakantan H, et al. Noncoupled Fluorescent Assay for Direct Real-Time Monitoring of Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase Activity. Biochemistry. 2017.
3. Peng Y, et al. Structural basis of substrate recognition in human nicotinamide N-methyltransferase. Biochemistry. 2011.
4. Roberti A, et al. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase: At the crossroads between cellular metabolism and epigenetic regulation. Mol Metab. 2021.

Metabolic Research · CAS 221231-10-3

1. Wu Z, Ng FM. Antilipogenic action of synthetic C-terminal sequence 177-191 of human growth hormone. Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1993.
2. Ng FM, et al. Metabolic studies of a synthetic lipolytic domain (AOD9604) of human growth hormone. Horm Res. 2000.
3. Cox HD, et al. Detection and in vitro metabolism of AOD9604. Drug Test Anal. 2015.
4. Orlovius AK, et al. AOD-9604 does not influence the WADA hGH isoform immunoassay. Drug Test Anal. 2013.

Metabolic Research · CAS 1415456-99-3

1. Kruse T, et al. Development of Cagrilintide, a Long-Acting Amylin Analogue. J Med Chem. 2021.
2. Fletcher MM, et al. AM833 Is a Novel Agonist of Calcitonin Family G Protein-Coupled Receptors: Pharmacological Comparison with Six Selective and Nonselective Agonists. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2021.
3. Cao J, et al. Structural and dynamic features of cagrilintide binding to calcitonin and amylin receptors. Nat Commun. 2025.
4. Gu YM, et al. Structural and mechanistic insights into dual activation of cagrilintide in amylin and calcitonin receptors. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2026.

Metabolic Research · CAS 2381089-83-2

1. Li W, et al. Structural insights into the triple agonism at GLP-1R, GIPR and GCGR manifested by retatrutide. Cell Discov. 2024.
2. Regmi A, Roell W. Differentiation of human subcutaneous adipocytes and measurement of lipolytic function induced by GIP or LY3437943. STAR Protoc. 2023.
3. Tong LH, et al. Development and validation of a multiplexed LC-HRMS method for nine GLP-1 receptor agonists and its pharmaceutical application. J Chromatogr A. 2026.

Metabolic Research · CAS 910463-68-2

1. Lau J, et al. Discovery of the Once-Weekly Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Analogue Semaglutide. J Med Chem. 2015.
2. Knudsen LB, Lau J. The Discovery and Development of Liraglutide and Semaglutide. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019.
3. Zhang X, et al. Structure and dynamics of semaglutide- and taspoglutide-bound GLP-1R-Gs complexes. Cell Rep. 2021.
4. Tong LH, et al. Development and validation of a multiplexed LC-HRMS method for nine GLP-1 receptor agonists and its pharmaceutical application. J Chromatogr A. 2026.

Metabolic Research · CAS 2023788-19-2

1. Willard FS, et al. Tirzepatide is an imbalanced and biased dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist. JCI Insight. 2020.
2. Sun B, et al. Structural determinants of dual incretin receptor agonism by tirzepatide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022.
3. Zhao F, et al. Structural insights into multiplexed pharmacological actions of tirzepatide and peptide 20 at the GIP, GLP-1 or glucagon receptors. Nat Commun. 2022.
4. Tong LH, et al. Development and validation of a multiplexed LC-HRMS method for nine GLP-1 receptor agonists and its pharmaceutical application. J Chromatogr A. 2026.

Neuro Research · CAS 62568-57-4

1. Schoenenberger GA, Monnier M. Characterization of a delta-electroencephalogram (-sleep)-inducing peptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977.
2. Schoenenberger GA, et al. The delta EEG (sleep)-inducing peptide (DSIP). XI. Amino-acid analysis, sequence, synthesis and activity of the nonapeptide. Pflugers Arch. 1978.
3. Graf MV, et al. Degradation and aggregation of delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) and two analogs in plasma and serum. Peptides. 1987.
4. Sillard R, et al. A novel 77-residue peptide from porcine brain contains a leucine-zipper motif and is recognized by an antiserum to delta-sleep-inducing peptide. Eur J Biochem. 1993.
5. Kovalzon VM, Strekalova TV. Delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP): a still unresolved riddle. J Neurochem. 2006.

Neuro Research · CAS 1401708-83-5

1. Uribe PM, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor mimetic protects lateral line hair cells from aminoglycoside exposure. Front Cell Neurosci. 2015.
2. Yamamoto BJ, et al. The angiotensin IV analog Nle-Tyr-Leu-psi-(CH2-NH2)3-4-His-Pro-Phe (norleual) can act as a hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met inhibitor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010.
3. Wright JW, et al. The angiotensin IV system: functional implications. Front Neuroendocrinol. 1995.

Neuro Research · CAS 175175-23-2

1. Khavinson V, et al. Pinealon increases cell viability by suppression of free radical levels and activating proliferative processes. Rejuvenation Res. 2011.
2. Fedoreyeva LI, et al. Penetration of short fluorescence-labeled peptides into the nucleus in HeLa cells and in vitro specific interaction of the peptides with deoxyribooligonucleotides and DNA. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2011.
3. Fedoreyeva LI, et al. Interaction of short peptides with FITC-labeled wheat histones and their complexes with deoxyribooligonucleotides. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2013.
4. Khavinson VKh, et al. Short peptides stimulate serotonin expression in cells of brain cortex. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2014.

Neuro Research · CAS 129954-34-3

1. Najjar VA, Nishioka K. "Tuftsin": a natural phagocytosis stimulating peptide. Nature. 1970.
2. Kost NV, et al. [Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum]. Bioorg Khim. 2001.
3. Kolomin T, et al. Expression of inflammation-related genes in mouse spleen under tuftsin analog Selank. Regul Pept. 2011.
4. Volkova A, et al. Selank Administration Affects the Expression of Some Genes Involved in GABAergic Neurotransmission. Front Pharmacol. 2016.
5. Filatova E, et al. GABA, Selank, and Olanzapine Affect the Expression of Genes Involved in GABAergic Neurotransmission in IMR-32 Cells. Front Pharmacol. 2017.

Neuro Research · CAS 80714-61-0

1. Dolotov OV, et al. [The binding of Semax, ACTH 4-10 heptapeptide, to plasma membranes of the rat forebrain basal nuclei and its biodegradation]. Bioorg Khim. 2004.
2. V'yunova TV, et al. Specific binding of semax in different regions of the rat brain. Dokl Biol Sci. 2006.
3. Dolotov OV, et al. Semax, an analogue of adrenocorticotropin (4-10), binds specifically and increases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in rat basal forebrain. J Neurochem. 2006.
4. Kost NV, et al. [Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum]. Bioorg Khim. 2001.

Research Blends

1. Mayo KE. Molecular cloning and expression of a pituitary-specific receptor for growth hormone-releasing hormone. Mol Endocrinol. 1992.
2. Howard AD, et al. A receptor in pituitary and hypothalamus that functions in growth hormone release. Science. 1996.
3. Raun K, et al. Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998.

Research Blends

1. Pickart L, et al. Growth-modulating plasma tripeptide may function by facilitating copper uptake into cells. Nature. 1980.
2. Hureau C, et al. X-ray and solution structures of Cu(II) GHK and Cu(II) DAHK complexes: influence on their redox properties. Chemistry. 2011.
3. Hsieh MJ, et al. Modulatory effects of BPC 157 on vasomotor tone and the activation of Src-Caveolin-1-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. Sci Rep. 2020.
4. Safer D, et al. Thymosin beta 4 and Fx, an actin-sequestering peptide, are indistinguishable. J Biol Chem. 1991.

Research Blends

1. Pickart L, et al. Growth-modulating plasma tripeptide may function by facilitating copper uptake into cells. Nature. 1980.
2. Land SC. Inhibition of cellular and systemic inflammation cues in human bronchial epithelial cells by melanocortin-related peptides: mechanism of KPV action and a role for MC3R agonists. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2012.
3. Sikiric P, et al. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157-NO-system relation. Curr Pharm Des. 2014.
4. Safer D, et al. Thymosin beta 4 and Fx, an actin-sequestering peptide, are indistinguishable. J Biol Chem. 1991.

Research Blends

1. Hsieh MJ, et al. Modulatory effects of BPC 157 on vasomotor tone and the activation of Src-Caveolin-1-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. Sci Rep. 2020.
2. Sikiric P, et al. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157-NO-system relation. Curr Pharm Des. 2014.
3. Safer D, et al. Thymosin beta 4 and Fx, an actin-sequestering peptide, are indistinguishable. J Biol Chem. 1991.
4. Huff T, et al. beta-Thymosins, small acidic peptides with multiple functions. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2001.

Research Sprays

1. Volkova A, et al. Selank Administration Affects the Expression of Some Genes Involved in GABAergic Neurotransmission. Front Pharmacol. 2016.
2. Kost NV, et al. Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum. [Article in Russian] Bioorg Khim. 2001.
3. Kolomin T, et al. The temporary dynamics of inflammation-related genes expression under tuftsin analog Selank action. Mol Immunol. 2014.

Research Sprays

1. Dolotov OV, et al. Semax, an analogue of adrenocorticotropin (4-10), binds specifically and increases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in rat basal forebrain. J Neurochem. 2006.
2. Agapova TY, et al. Neurotrophin gene expression in rat brain under the action of Semax, an analogue of ACTH 4-10. Neurosci Lett. 2007.
3. Kost NV, et al. Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum. [Article in Russian] Bioorg Khim. 2001.

Research Sprays

1. Hsieh MJ, et al. Modulatory effects of BPC 157 on vasomotor tone and the activation of Src-Caveolin-1-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. Sci Rep. 2020.
2. Sikiric P, et al. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157-NO-system relation. Curr Pharm Des. 2014.
3. Huff T, et al. beta-Thymosins, small acidic peptides with multiple functions. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2001.

Research Sprays · CAS 137525-51-0

1. Hsieh MJ, et al. Modulatory effects of BPC 157 on vasomotor tone and the activation of Src-Caveolin-1-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. Sci Rep. 2020.
2. Sikiric P, et al. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157-NO-system relation. Curr Pharm Des. 2014.
3. Sikirić P, et al. The influence of a novel pentadecapeptide, BPC 157, on N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methylester and L-arginine effects on stomach mucosa integrity and blood pressure. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997.

Research Sprays · CAS 62568-57-4

1. Schoenenberger GA, et al. A naturally occurring delta-EEG enhancing nonapeptide in rabbits. X. Final isolation, characterization and activity test. Pflugers Arch. 1977.
2. Kovalzon VM, et al. Delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP): a still unresolved riddle. J Neurochem. 2006.

Research Sprays · CAS 89030-95-5

1. Pickart L, et al. Growth-modulating plasma tripeptide may function by facilitating copper uptake into cells. Nature. 1980.
2. Hureau C, et al. X-ray and solution structures of Cu(II) GHK and Cu(II) DAHK complexes: influence on their redox properties. Chemistry. 2011.
3. Pickart L. The use of glycylhistidyllysine in culture systems. In Vitro. 1981.

Research Sprays · CAS 121062-08-6

1. Al-Obeidi F, et al. Potent and prolonged acting cyclic lactam analogues of alpha-melanotropin: design based on molecular dynamics. J Med Chem. 1989.
2. Schiöth HB, et al. Selectivity of cyclic [D-Nal7] and [D-Phe7] substituted MSH analogues for the melanocortin receptor subtypes. Peptides. 1997.
3. Mountjoy KG, et al. The cloning of a family of genes that encode the melanocortin receptors. Science. 1992.

Research Sprays · CAS 53-84-9

1. Imai S, et al. Transcriptional silencing and longevity protein Sir2 is an NAD-dependent histone deacetylase. Nature. 2000.
2. Cantó C, et al. NAD(+) Metabolism and the Control of Energy Homeostasis: A Balancing Act between Mitochondria and the Nucleus. Cell Metab. 2015.
3. Covarrubias AJ, et al. NAD(+) metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2021.

Research Sprays · CAS 189691-06-3

1. Mountjoy KG, et al. The cloning of a family of genes that encode the melanocortin receptors. Science. 1992.
2. Schiöth HB, et al. Selectivity of cyclic [D-Nal7] and [D-Phe7] substituted MSH analogues for the melanocortin receptor subtypes. Peptides. 1997.
3. Cone RD. Studies on the physiological functions of the melanocortin system. Endocr Rev. 2006.

Research Sprays · CAS 129954-34-3

1. Volkova A, et al. Selank Administration Affects the Expression of Some Genes Involved in GABAergic Neurotransmission. Front Pharmacol. 2016.
2. Kost NV, et al. Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum. [Article in Russian] Bioorg Khim. 2001.
3. Kolomin T, et al. The temporary dynamics of inflammation-related genes expression under tuftsin analog Selank action. Mol Immunol. 2014.

Research Sprays · CAS 80714-61-0

1. Dolotov OV, et al. Semax, an analogue of adrenocorticotropin (4-10), binds specifically and increases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in rat basal forebrain. J Neurochem. 2006.
2. Agapova TY, et al. Neurotrophin gene expression in rat brain under the action of Semax, an analogue of ACTH 4-10. Neurosci Lett. 2007.
3. Kost NV, et al. Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum. [Article in Russian] Bioorg Khim. 2001.

Secretagogue Research · CAS 863288-34-0

1. Jetté L, et al. Human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF)1-29-albumin bioconjugates activate the GRF receptor on the anterior pituitary in rats: identification of CJC-1295 as a long-lasting GRF analog. Endocrinology. 2005.
2. Campbell RM, et al. GRF analogs and fragments: correlation between receptor binding, activity and structure. Peptides. 1991.
3. Frohman LA, et al. Rapid enzymatic degradation of growth hormone-releasing hormone by plasma in vitro and in vivo to a biologically inactive product cleaved at the NH2 terminus. J Clin Invest. 1986.
4. Mayo KE. Molecular cloning and expression of a pituitary-specific receptor for growth hormone-releasing hormone. Mol Endocrinol. 1992.
5. Memdouh S, et al. Advances in the detection of growth hormone releasing hormone synthetic analogs. Drug Test Anal. 2021.

Secretagogue Research · CAS 170851-70-4

1. Raun K, et al. Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998.
2. Ankersen M, et al. A new series of highly potent growth hormone-releasing peptides derived from ipamorelin. J Med Chem. 1998.
3. Howard AD, et al. A receptor in pituitary and hypothalamus that functions in growth hormone release. Science. 1996.
4. Qin J, et al. Molecular mechanism of agonism and inverse agonism in ghrelin receptor. Nat Commun. 2022.

Secretagogue Research · CAS 86168-78-7

1. Ling N, et al. Synthesis and in vitro bioactivity of human growth hormone-releasing factor analogs substituted at position-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1984.
2. Gaylinn BD, et al. Molecular cloning and expression of a human anterior pituitary receptor for growth hormone-releasing hormone. Mol Endocrinol. 1993.
3. Zhou F, et al. Structural basis for activation of the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor. Nat Commun. 2020.
4. Frohman LA, et al. Rapid enzymatic degradation of growth hormone-releasing hormone by plasma in vitro and in vivo to a biologically inactive product cleaved at the NH2 terminus. J Clin Invest. 1986.
5. Campbell RM, et al. GRF analogs and fragments: correlation between receptor binding, activity and structure. Peptides. 1991.

Secretagogue Research · CAS 218949-48-5

1. Ferdinandi ES, et al. Non-clinical pharmacology and safety evaluation of TH9507, a human growth hormone-releasing factor analogue. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2007.
2. Zhou F, et al. Structural basis for activation of the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor. Nat Commun. 2020.
3. Memdouh S, et al. Advances in the detection of growth hormone releasing hormone synthetic analogs. Drug Test Anal. 2021.
4. Gaylinn BD, et al. Molecular cloning and expression of a human anterior pituitary receptor for growth hormone-releasing hormone. Mol Endocrinol. 1993.
5. Frohman LA, et al. Rapid enzymatic degradation of growth hormone-releasing hormone by plasma in vitro and in vivo to a biologically inactive product cleaved at the NH2 terminus. J Clin Invest. 1986.

Signaling Research · CAS 374675-21-5

1. Muir AI, et al. AXOR12, a novel human G protein-coupled receptor, activated by the peptide KiSS-1. J Biol Chem. 2001.
2. Messager S, et al. Kisspeptin directly stimulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone release via G protein-coupled receptor 54. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005.
3. Niida A, et al. Design and synthesis of downsized metastin (45-54) analogs with maintenance of high GPR54 agonistic activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006.
4. Gutiérrez-Pascual E, et al. In vivo and in vitro structure-activity relationships and structural conformation of Kisspeptin-10-related peptides. Mol Pharmacol. 2009.
5. Kirby HR, et al. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXVII. Kisspeptin receptor nomenclature, distribution, and function. Pharmacol Rev. 2010.

Signaling Research · CAS 75921-69-6

1. Sawyer TK, et al. 4-Norleucine, 7-D-phenylalanine-alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone: a highly potent alpha-melanotropin with ultralong biological activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980.
2. Mountjoy KG, et al. The cloning of a family of genes that encode the melanocortin receptors. Science. 1992.
3. Yang YK, et al. Molecular basis for the interaction of [Nle4,D-Phe7]melanocyte stimulating hormone with the human melanocortin-1 receptor. J Biol Chem. 1997.
4. Ma S, et al. Structural mechanism of calcium-mediated hormone recognition and Gβ interaction by the human melanocortin-1 receptor. Cell Res. 2021.
5. Zhang H, et al. Structural insights into ligand recognition and activation of the melanocortin-4 receptor. Cell Res. 2021.

Signaling Research · CAS 121062-08-6

1. Al-Obeidi F, et al. Potent and prolonged acting cyclic lactam analogues of alpha-melanotropin: design based on molecular dynamics. J Med Chem. 1989.
2. Hruby VJ, et al. Cyclic lactam alpha-melanotropin analogues of Ac-Nle4-cyclo[Asp5, D-Phe7,Lys10] alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-(4-10)-NH2 with bulky aromatic amino acids at position 7 show high antagonist potency and selectivity at specific melanocortin receptors. J Med Chem. 1995.
3. Schiöth HB, et al. Selectivity of cyclic [D-Nal7] and [D-Phe7] substituted MSH analogues for the melanocortin receptor subtypes. Peptides. 1997.
4. Mountjoy KG, et al. The cloning of a family of genes that encode the melanocortin receptors. Science. 1992.

Signaling Research · CAS 189691-06-3

1. Zhang H, et al. Structural insights into ligand recognition and activation of the melanocortin-4 receptor. Cell Res. 2021.
2. Al-Obeidi F, et al. Potent and prolonged acting cyclic lactam analogues of alpha-melanotropin: design based on molecular dynamics. J Med Chem. 1989.
3. Mountjoy KG, et al. The cloning of a family of genes that encode the melanocortin receptors. Science. 1992.

Signaling Research · CAS 37221-79-7

1. Said SI, et al. Polypeptide with broad biological activity: isolation from small intestine. Science. 1970.
2. Mutt V, et al. Structure of the porcine vasoactive intestinal octacosapeptide. The amino-acid sequence. Use of kallikrein in its determination. Eur J Biochem. 1974.
3. Ishihara T, et al. Functional expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Neuron. 1992.
4. Harmar AJ, et al. International Union of Pharmacology. XVIII. Nomenclature of receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. Pharmacol Rev. 1998.
5. Couvineau A, et al. VPAC receptors: structure, molecular pharmacology and interaction with accessory proteins. Br J Pharmacol. 2012.

Tissue & Cellular Research · CAS 1208243-50-8

1. Brines M, et al. Nonerythropoietic, tissue-protective peptides derived from the tertiary structure of erythropoietin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008.
2. Brines M, et al. Erythropoietin mediates tissue protection through an erythropoietin and common beta-subunit heteroreceptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004.
3. Bohr S, et al. Modulation of cellular stress response via the erythropoietin/CD131 heteroreceptor complex in mouse mesenchymal-derived cells. J Mol Med (Berl). 2015.

Tissue & Cellular Research · CAS 137525-51-0

1. Hsieh MJ, et al. Modulatory effects of BPC 157 on vasomotor tone and the activation of Src-Caveolin-1-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. Sci Rep. 2020.
2. Sikiric P, et al. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157-NO-system relation. Curr Pharm Des. 2014.
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