Pinealon is the synthetic tripeptide Glu-Asp-Arg (EDR), a short, highly charged all-L sequence with free N- and C-termini. It belongs to the Khavinson series of short peptide bioregulators, whose members (for example Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly and Lys-Glu-Asp) were derived from low-molecular-mass fractions of tissue extracts and are studied as a family of two- to four-residue sequences rather than as fragments of a single parent protein.

No receptor is reported for this chemotype. Published work describes a nucleic-acid- and chromatin-directed mechanism: fluorescently labelled EDR has been reported to enter the cytoplasm and nucleus of cultured cells, to quench the fluorescence of labelled deoxyribooligonucleotides and of histone-oligonucleotide complexes in a sequence-dependent manner, and to alter transcript and protein expression in cultured cells.

Cited in short-peptide bioregulation, chromatin and oligonucleotide binding biochemistry, organotypic and monolayer neuronal cell culture, and oxidative-stress cell models. Supplied as a lyophilized solid.

Research use only. This material is sold for in-vitro laboratory research and development purposes exclusively. It is not a drug, food, or dietary supplement, has not been evaluated by the FDA, and must not be used in humans or animals.