KPV is the tripeptide Lys-Pro-Val, which corresponds to residues 11–13 at the C-terminus of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). This product is the free acid.

Unlike full-length α-MSH, KPV has been reported not to bind melanocortin receptors or raise intracellular cAMP in receptor assays. In macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells it reduced LPS/IFN-γ-induced NF-κB DNA binding, and later studies in bronchial epithelial cells linked its activity to interference with nuclear import of the NF-κB p65 subunit. These findings point to an intracellular mechanism separate from the melanocortin receptors.

The peptide is cited in NF-κB signalling research, in structure–activity studies of melanocortin-derived fragments, and in macrophage and epithelial cell-culture models of cytokine signalling. As a short polar tripeptide it is freely soluble in water.

Research use only. This material is sold for in-vitro laboratory research and development purposes exclusively. It is not a drug, food, or dietary supplement, has not been evaluated by the FDA, and must not be used in humans or animals.